Which of the following nutrients is critical for health but does not provide energy?

Vitamins are essential nutrients that play a crucial role in maintaining overall health and well-being, yet they do not contribute energy in the form of calories. Unlike proteins, carbohydrates, and fats, which are macronutrients that provide energy for bodily functions and activities, vitamins are micronutrients. They support various biochemical processes in the body, including metabolism, immunity, and the maintenance of healthy skin and vision. Each vitamin has specific functions and is required in different amounts, but none of them can be utilized by the body for energy production. This distinctive characteristic underscores the importance of vitamins in a balanced diet without their contribution to energy intake.