Which of the following cells is designed specifically for absorbing water and nutrients?

The root hair cell is specifically designed for absorbing water and nutrients from the soil. These cells have long, hair-like extensions that greatly increase the surface area available for absorption. This adaptation allows root hair cells to effectively take in water and mineral ions, which are essential for the plant's growth and overall health.

Root hair cells are also positioned near the tips of roots, where they can contact the soil directly, enhancing their ability to absorb nutrients. Additionally, they have a thin cell wall and a large vacuole that facilitate the uptake of water by osmosis.

In contrast, palisade cells are primarily involved in photosynthesis, sperm cells are specialized for reproduction, and cilia cells are typically associated with movement or protection in various contexts, such as in respiratory pathways. Each of these other cell types serves different functions that do not relate to the direct absorption of water and nutrients.